What are wisdom teeth?
Wisdom teeth, or commonly known as the 3rd molars, are the very last teeth right at the back of the mouth which are the last to emerge. Usually from around 15 to 25 years of age, however, this can vary between individuals, or not erupt at all.
Why are wisdom teeth removed?
Sometimes the human jaw can be too small to accommodate all 32 teeth and there is no room for the wisdom teeth to develop properly. It is common for wisdom teeth to push against other surrounding teeth causing pain and irritation to cheeks and gums, this is known as impacted teeth which can lead to issues such as, gum infection, tooth decay, damage to other teeth and even jaw cysts.
Problems with Impacted Wisdom Teeth
Impacted wisdom teeth occur when there is not enough space in the jaw for these molars to emerge properly. This can cause them to become partially or fully trapped within the gum or jawbone, leading to a host of oral health issues.
Common problems with impacted wisdom teeth include pain, swelling, infection, and damage to adjacent teeth. Impacted wisdom teeth can also create cysts around the tooth, which may harm the surrounding bone and tissue if left untreated. For these reasons, wisdom teeth removal is often recommended to avoid potential complications and maintain overall dental health.
Sometimes as the wisdom teeth emerge a small infection can occur in the gum immediately surrounding the tooth. This infection is called ‘pericoronitis’ and is a result of plaque and bacteria becoming trapped between the tooth and the surrounding gum. On occasions removal of the problem teeth may be the best solution.
Method of Wisdom Tooth Extraction
The method used for extraction varies for each tooth and person. Some teeth can be simply removed under local anaesthesia like any other extraction. Impacted (trapped) teeth will often require a very minor surgical procedure to lift the tooth out of the surrounding bone and gum. Surgery may be performed under local anaesthesia or general anaesthesia.
Wisdom Teeth Removal Under Local Anaesthetic
The choice of anaesthesia plays an important role in comfort and pain management for patients undergoing wisdom teeth removal.
Local anaesthetic is a standard option for simpler wisdom tooth extractions. During the procedure, the dentist or oral surgeon administers an injection in the gums near the wisdom tooth, numbing the area so that the patient feels minimal to no discomfort. This method allows the patient to remain fully awake but free from pain.
Local anaesthetic is often recommended for extractions where the wisdom teeth are less impacted and can be removed without complex surgical techniques.
Speak to your Dental Excellence dentist at your next scheduled appointment, to discuss the options available for wisdom tooth extraction.
Types of Impacted Wisdom Teeth
How to Prepare for Wisdom Teeth Removal
Preparing for wisdom teeth removal can help ease anxiety and make the experience smoother. Wearing comfortable clothing and arranging transportation for the day of surgery are also recommended, as anaesthesia can impair motor skills for several hours.
It’s also beneficial to prepare a soft-food diet for the initial recovery days, as hard or crunchy foods may irritate the extraction sites. Discussing any current medications or allergies with the dentist or oral surgeon is also essential to ensure a safe experience.
What to Expect During the Procedure
Understanding what to expect during wisdom teeth removal can help alleviate any concerns. The process generally begins with the administration of an anaesthetic to ensure comfort. Once the area is numb, the dentist or oral surgeon will make a small incision in the gum tissue to access the wisdom tooth, if needed. The tooth may be sectioned into smaller pieces for easier removal, particularly in cases of impacted wisdom teeth. After the tooth is extracted, the site is cleaned and stitched up if necessary. Depending on the method of anaesthesia, the entire procedure usually takes around 30 to 60 minutes.
Recovery After Wisdom Teeth Removal
Eating and Drinking After Extraction
Sticking teeth extraction after wisdom teeth extraction is essential. Foods like soup, mashed potatoes, yoghurt, and smoothies are ideal during the initial days, as they minimise irritation to the extraction site. Avoid hot beverages, alcohol, and carbonated drinks, as these can dislodge the blood clot at the site and hinder the healing process.
It’s best to avoid chewing on the side where the tooth was removed and gradually reintroduce solid foods over a week or as recommended by your dentist.
Minimising the Risk of Dry Socket
A dry socket is a condition where the blood clot at the extraction site becomes dislodged or dissolves before healing, exposing the bone and nerves and causing significant discomfort. To minimise the risk of a dry socket, it’s crucial to avoid drinking through a straw, as the suction can remove the clot. Patients should also refrain from smoking, spitting forcefully, or rinsing their mouths aggressively for at least 48 hours after the procedure.
Proper post-operative care, as advised by the dentist, greatly reduces the risk of developing a dry socket and promotes a smooth recovery.
Brushing Teeth After Wisdom Tooth Removal
Maintaining oral hygiene is vital for a successful recovery, but it’s essential to be cautious when brushing near the extraction site. For the first 24 hours after wisdom tooth removal, avoid brushing, rinsing, or using mouthwash, as these actions can disturb the healing process. After the initial day, gently brush your teeth, avoiding the surgical area to prevent irritation. Your dentist may also recommend rinsing with warm salt water to help reduce swelling and keep the area clean without disrupting the blood clot. Following these guidelines will support healing while maintaining good dental hygiene.